To date 2022, credit debit cards accounts for nearly a huge percent of all retail non-cash payments, possible a fivefold increase in just a few years.
Growth has been sharp in both online (PIN-based) and offline (signature-based) debit.
ATM or POS processing can occur across multiple paths, either directly (through a bank's owned ATM, typically called "On Us"),
Or through one of many shared networks where the card holder is using a terminal that is owned and operated by a another entity is called "Not-On-Us" trasanctions.
An example of the cooperative networks is STAR, which is owned by First Data Corporation.
With more than 1.7 million locations across the United States, handling over 5,700 financial institutions with over 134 million cards,
STAR is just one of the many networks that are available to banks and other financial institutions that can be used to project their financial services to their customer base.
Other industry competitors in this marketplace worldwide are VisaNet, MasterCard, Pulse, NYCE, Multibanco, Interac, LINK, JCB, and others.
In total, there are more than 60 major networks worldwide available to both consumers and financial institutions
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